The Republic of Cyprus (ROC) collaborated closely with the United States bilaterally and as a member of the EU, as well as with other countries on international counterterrorism efforts, in 2023. Since 1974, the island of Cyprus has been de facto divided into the ROC government-controlled area in the southern two thirds of the island and the northern third administered by Turkish Cypriots. A UN Peacekeeping force patrols a buffer zone, also called the Green Line, which separates the two sides. The buffer zone is largely open to civilian traffic and remains a significant route for the illicit transit of people, narcotics, and other contraband. The division of the island has impeded counterterrorism cooperation between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities and between the ROC and Türkiye, which do not maintain diplomatic relations. This report covers only the areas under the control of the ROC. It does not address terrorism or counterterrorism efforts in the area under the administration of Turkish Cypriots.